{"id":395,"date":"2019-07-01T16:20:48","date_gmt":"2019-07-01T14:20:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/financialtimes.cz\/?p=395"},"modified":"2023-09-29T22:50:18","modified_gmt":"2023-09-29T20:50:18","slug":"roboti-by-mohli-do-roku-2030-vzit-lidem-20-milionu-pracovnich-mist","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/financialtimes.cz\/?p=395","title":{"rendered":"Roboti by mohli do roku 2030 vz\u00edt lidem 20 milion\u016f pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Roboti by mohli do roku 2030 vz\u00edt lidem v\u00edce ne\u017e 20 milion\u016f pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 to z nov\u00e9 studie spole\u010dnosti Oxford Economics, podle n\u00ed\u017e by v pr\u016fb\u011bhu p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch 11 let mohlo pracovat pouze v \u010c\u00edn\u011b 14 milion\u016f robot\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Po\u010det robot\u016f ve firm\u00e1ch roste <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Odborn\u00edci, kte\u0159\u00ed analyzovali dlouhodob\u00e9 trendy v oblasti zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed automatizace na pracovi\u0161ti, poznamenali, \u017ee na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b se po\u010det pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch robot\u016f za uplynul\u00e9 dv\u011b desetilet\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161il trojn\u00e1sobn\u011b na 2,25 milionu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

No i kdy\u017e na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b n\u00e1r\u016fst po\u010dtu robot\u016f p\u0159inese v\u00fdhody z hlediska produktivity a r\u016fstu, v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci uznali, \u017ee m\u00e1 i nev\u00fdhody.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

„V d\u016fsledku robotizace se ztrat\u00ed des\u00edtky milion\u016f pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst, zejm\u00e9na v chud\u0161\u00edch ekonomik\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 spol\u00e9haj\u00ed na m\u00e9n\u011b kvalifikovan\u00fdch d\u011bln\u00edk\u016f. A to se prom\u00edtne do zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed nerovnosti v p\u0159\u00edjmech,“ uvedli auto\u0159i studie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

No v\u011bdci z\u00e1rove\u0148 p\u0159edpov\u00eddaj\u00ed, \u017ee pokud by se instalovalo o 30% v\u00edce robot\u016f, ne\u017e p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed progn\u00f3za pro rok 2030, vedlo by to k n\u00e1r\u016fstu glob\u00e1ln\u00edho hrub\u00e9ho dom\u00e1c\u00edho produktu (HDP) v uveden\u00e9m roce o 5,3%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zpr\u00e1va Oxford Economics uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee na pracovi\u0161t\u00edch se v uplynul\u00fdch \u010dty\u0159ech letech instaloval stejn\u00fd po\u010det robot\u016f ne\u017e b\u011bhem p\u0159edchoz\u00edch osmi let.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b ka\u017ed\u00fd t\u0159et\u00ed robot v pr\u016fmyslu je nyn\u00ed nainstalov\u00e1n v \u010c\u00edn\u011b. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci zjistili, \u017ee pro druhou nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed sv\u011btovou ekonomiku v sou\u010dasnosti pracuje zhruba jeden z p\u011bti robot\u016f (20%) instalovan\u00fdch ve sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dopady na trh pr\u00e1ce <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159edpov\u00eddaj\u00ed tak\u00e9, \u017ee do roku 2030 se v USA v d\u016fsledku robotizace ztrat\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 1,5 milionu pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V \u010c\u00edn\u011b tento po\u010det p\u0159ekro\u010d\u00ed 11 milion\u016f pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst. V r\u00e1mci \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f Evropsk\u00e9 unie (EU) p\u0159ijdou v d\u016fsledku automatizace o zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 2 miliony lid\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pokud jde o ztr\u00e1tu pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst, v USA pat\u0159\u00ed mezi nejzraniteln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed st\u00e1ty Texas, Louisiana, Indiana a Oregon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V N\u011bmecku jsou nejzraniteln\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi regiony Chemnitz, Thuringen a Oberfranken, zat\u00edmco v Brit\u00e1nii je to tzv. Midlands, tedy centr\u00e1ln\u00ed Anglie a severoz\u00e1pad Anglie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Navzdory hrozb\u011b ztr\u00e1ty pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci vyzvali z\u00e1konod\u00e1rce, aby nezakazovali n\u00e1r\u016fst automatizace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

„Tato zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed by nem\u011bly v\u00e9st politik\u016f a dal\u0161\u00ed z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00e9 strany k tomu, aby se sna\u017eili zma\u0159it zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed robotick\u00e9 technologie. M\u00edsto toho by pro n\u011b m\u011blo b\u00fdt v\u00fdzvou sp\u00ed\u0161e rovnom\u011brn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159erozd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed dividend z robotiky t\u00edm, \u017ee se nejzraniteln\u011bj\u0161\u00edm skupin\u00e1m d\u011bln\u00edk\u016f pomohou p\u0159ipravit na zm\u011bny, kter\u00e9 to p\u0159inese, „\u0159ekli v\u011bdci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Doporu\u010den\u00ed odborn\u00edk\u016f <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci navrhli, aby vl\u00e1dy motivovaly spole\u010dnosti a d\u011bln\u00edk\u016f finan\u010dn\u00edmi benefity k zapojen\u00ed se do lok\u00e1ln\u00edch rekvalifika\u010dn\u00edch program\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u017d\u00e1daj\u00ed tak\u00e9 politiky, aby v p\u0159edstihu vyvinuli programy, kter\u00e9 zm\u00edrn\u00ed negativn\u00ed vliv automatizace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

„Prozkoumejte v\u0161echny politick\u00e9 mo\u017enosti, od investic do infrastruktury a\u017e po investice do odborn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpravy a inova\u010dn\u00ed programy soci\u00e1ln\u00edho zabezpe\u010den\u00ed, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjem,“ uv\u00e1d\u00ed se ve zpr\u00e1v\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A d\u011bln\u00edk\u016fm v\u011bdci rad\u00ed, aby si ud\u011blali „audit“ sv\u00e9ho vlastn\u00edho pracovn\u00edho m\u00edsta a l\u00e9pe tak pochopili, jak\u00e9 \u010dinnosti p\u0159evezmou stroje a jak\u00e9 „dovednosti“ budou pak t\u0159eba od lid\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

To znamen\u00e1 akceptovat celo\u017eivotn\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1vala, shrnuli v\u011bdci a p\u0159ipomn\u011bli, \u017ee „\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed m\u00edsto nen\u00ed na cel\u00fd \u017eivot“.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Roboti by mohli do roku 2030 vz\u00edt lidem v\u00edce ne\u017e 20 milion\u016f pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. Vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 to z nov\u00e9 studie spole\u010dnosti Oxford Economics, podle n\u00ed\u017e by v pr\u016fb\u011bhu p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch 11 let mohlo pracovat pouze v \u010c\u00edn\u011b 14 milion\u016f robot\u016f. Po\u010det robot\u016f ve firm\u00e1ch roste Odborn\u00edci, kte\u0159\u00ed analyzovali dlouhodob\u00e9 trendy v oblasti zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed automatizace […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":397,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[43],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-395","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-investice"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/financialtimes.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/395","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/financialtimes.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/financialtimes.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/financialtimes.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/financialtimes.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=395"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/financialtimes.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/395\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/financialtimes.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/397"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/financialtimes.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=395"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/financialtimes.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=395"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/financialtimes.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=395"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}