{"id":476,"date":"2019-07-03T21:14:51","date_gmt":"2019-07-03T19:14:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/financialtimes.cz\/?p=476"},"modified":"2019-07-03T21:14:52","modified_gmt":"2019-07-03T19:14:52","slug":"tyden-ve-svetove-ekonomice-konci-era-monopolu-americke-urady-zbroji-na-google-a-facebook","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/financialtimes.cz\/?p=476","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fdden ve sv\u011btov\u00e9 ekonomice: Kon\u010d\u00ed \u00e9ra monopol\u016f? Americk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady zbroj\u00ed na Google a Facebook"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Akciov\u00e9 trhy mazali kv\u011btnov\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty, ameri\u010dt\u00ed \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edci vyt\u00e1hli do boje proti technologick\u00fdm monopol\u016fm a rozhovory mezi Fiatem a Renaultem ztroskotaly. P\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte si v\u00fdb\u011br nejzaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00edch zpr\u00e1v ze sv\u011bta byznysu a financ\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Facebook a Google dostanou po prstech <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ameri\u010dt\u00ed regul\u00e1to\u0159i se rozhodli pod\u00edvat na zub nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm monopolem dne\u0161n\u00ed doby – Facebooku, Amazonu, Googlu a Applu. P\u0159id\u00e1vaj\u00ed se tak k EU, kter\u00e1 se v posledn\u00edch letech probudila a sna\u017e\u00ed se rozd\u00e1vat pokuty vlevo-vpravo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u016fvodem je hlavn\u011b omezov\u00e1n\u00ed konkurence, a\u0165 u\u017e p\u0159es protla\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00e9ho softwaru na Android (Google) nebo du\u0161en\u00ed ciz\u00edch aplikaci vysok\u00fdmi poplatky (Apple). Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9m je ale v skupov\u00e1n\u00ed mal\u00fdch startup\u016f ve stejn\u00e9m odv\u011btv\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by mohly firmu do budoucna ohrozit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mluv\u00ed se o takzvan\u00e9 „z\u00f3n\u011b smrti“ pro mal\u00e9 firmy. Pokud do n\u00ed startup doroste, n\u011bkter\u00e1 z velk\u00fdch technologick\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed ho koup\u00ed a jej\u00ed produkt zabije. V pr\u016fb\u011bhu posledn\u00edch 5 let \u0161lo odhadem o 250 takov\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed, co\u017e v kone\u010dn\u00e9m d\u016fsledku betonuje monopoly a omezuje sout\u011b\u017e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pokud spole\u010dnost nezabij\u00ed, p\u0159idaj\u00ed si ji ke sv\u00e9mu imp\u00e9riu stejn\u00fdch slu\u017eeb – tak jak to Facebook ud\u011blal s Instagramom, za spokojen\u00e9ho p\u0159ikyvov\u00e1n\u00ed regul\u00e1tor\u016f. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b, nen\u00ed to chyba Marka Zuckerberga, \u017ee vid\u011bl ve tehdy mal\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed potenci\u00e1l ne\u017e \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Neo\u010dek\u00e1vejme tvrd\u00e9 rozb\u00edjen\u00ed monopol\u016f jako na za\u010d\u00e1tku dvac\u00e1t\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed, p\u0159i velk\u00fdch technologick\u00fdch firm\u00e1ch by to bylo skoro nemo\u017en\u00e9. Z kategorie re\u00e1ln\u00fdch pl\u00e1n\u016f je sp\u00ed\u0161e zp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bn\u00ed podm\u00ednek, za nich\u017e mohou giganti kupovat mal\u00e9 startup s podobn\u00fdm z\u00e1m\u011brem spolu s gigantick\u00fdmi pokutami.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Idea nen\u00ed velk\u00e9 firmy rozb\u00edt, ale nau\u010dit je chovat se p\u011bkn\u011b.<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Trhy se zelenaj\u00ed navzdory Mexiku
\nTrumpov\u00e1 mexick\u00e1 eskap\u00e1da narazila na odpor vlastn\u00edch, kdy\u017e se n\u011bkolik prominentn\u00edch republik\u00e1n\u016f ve\u0159ejn\u011b vyj\u00e1d\u0159ilo proti n\u00e1vrhu uvalit na Mexiko stup\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed se cla, dokud nezastav\u00ed p\u0159\u00edliv ileg\u00e1ln\u00edch migrant\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b, tato strategie m\u016f\u017ee fungovat – Mexiko ji\u017e podniklo n\u011bkolik krok\u016f na lep\u0161\u00ed zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed sv\u00e9 ji\u017en\u00ed hranice i za pomoci arm\u00e1dy. Pokud by se Trumpovi poda\u0159ilo dos\u00e1hnout sv\u00e9ho c\u00edle bez nutnosti uvalit cla v praxi, \u0161lo by o jeho dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b, cla by poc\u00edtili i b\u011b\u017en\u00ed Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 p\u0159i denn\u00edch n\u00e1kupech, \u010di na cen\u00e1ch aut, co\u017e by mu tak snadno neprep\u00e1\u010dili.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Navzdory strachu z eskalace dal\u0161\u00edho obchodn\u00edho konfliktu zaznamenaly akciov\u00e9 trhy zelen\u00fd t\u00fdden po velmi bolestiv\u00e9m kv\u011btnu. Tradi\u010dn\u00edm dobrodincem byla americk\u00e1 centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banka – Fed. Investo\u0159i u\u017e prakticky po\u010d\u00edtaj\u00ed se sn\u00ed\u017een\u00edm \u00farokov\u00fdch sazeb do konce tohoto roku, slab\u0161\u00ed data z kv\u011btnov\u00e9ho trhu pr\u00e1ce toto p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed jen potvrdily.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

I kdy\u017e je americk\u00fd trh v historicky dobr\u00e9 kondici, \u010d\u00edsla ukazuj\u00ed zpomalen\u00ed v r\u016fstu nov\u00fdch pracovn\u00edch m\u00edst. Hlavn\u00edm d\u016fvodem je nedostatek kvalifikovan\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed s\u00edly na zapln\u011bn\u00ed nov\u011b vznikl\u00fdch pozici.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fiat a Renault se skoro dohodli na spojen\u00ed, ale vyjedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v posledn\u00ed chv\u00edli ztroskotaly. D\u016fvodem byl z\u00e1sah francouzsk\u00e9ho ministra financ\u00ed, kter\u00fd cht\u011bl pro Francii (kter\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st Renaultu) vyjednat p\u0159ehnan\u011b \u0161t\u011bdr\u00e9 podm\u00ednky, p\u0159esto, \u017ee u\u017e samotn\u00e1 nab\u00eddka Fiatu byla v\u00edce ne\u017e f\u00e9rov\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pro nyn\u00ed vyjedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed skon\u010dily, pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b ale ne nav\u017edy. Pro ob\u011b automobilky st\u00e1le plat\u00ed, \u017ee lep\u0161\u00edho partnera na vd\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed nenajdou, ke stolu se z\u0159ejm\u011b je\u0161t\u011b vr\u00e1t\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Akciov\u00e9 trhy mazali kv\u011btnov\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty, ameri\u010dt\u00ed \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edci vyt\u00e1hli do boje proti technologick\u00fdm monopol\u016fm a rozhovory mezi Fiatem a Renaultem ztroskotaly. P\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte si v\u00fdb\u011br nejzaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00edch zpr\u00e1v ze sv\u011bta byznysu a financ\u00ed. Facebook a Google dostanou po prstech Ameri\u010dt\u00ed regul\u00e1to\u0159i se rozhodli pod\u00edvat na zub nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm monopolem dne\u0161n\u00ed doby – Facebooku, Amazonu, Googlu a Applu. P\u0159id\u00e1vaj\u00ed se […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":478,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-476","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-aktualne"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/financialtimes.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/476","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/financialtimes.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/financialtimes.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/financialtimes.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/financialtimes.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=476"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/financialtimes.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/476\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/financialtimes.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/478"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/financialtimes.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=476"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/financialtimes.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=476"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/financialtimes.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=476"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}